ABSTRACT:
Plumbing fixtures form a vital functional component of any residential or commercial building. Accurate estimation of plumbing fixtures ensures cost control, efficient budgeting, and effective material planning during construction. This paper presents a detailed estimation procedure for installing plumbing fixtures, including quantity take-off, rate analysis, and numerical calculations. The study covers water supply fittings, sanitary fixtures, drainage pipes, and installation labor. Example calculations and standard engineering formulas are provided to illustrate the estimation methodology.
Cite this article:
Harshit Singh, Aditya Singh, Amit Kumar Sharma, Vipin Kumar Maurya, Sainuddin, (2025). Detailed estimate for installing plumbing fixtures. Spectrum of Emerging Sciences, 5(1), pp. 83-85, DOI: https://doi.org/10.55878/SES2025-5-1-18
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